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Transaction Memos

Understanding Transaction Memo In Detail

Overview
Transactions to THORChain pass user intent with the MEMO field on their respective chains. THORChain inspects the transaction object and the MEMO in order to process the transaction, so care must be taken to ensure the MEMO and the transaction are both valid. If not, THORChain will automatically refund the assets. All memos are listed here.
THORChain uses specific Asset Notation for all assets. Assets and functions can be abbreviated and Affiliate Addresses and asset amounts can be shortened to reduce memo length. 
Guides have been created for Swap, Savers and Lending to enable quoting and the automatic construction of memos for simplicity. 
Memo Size Limits
THORChain has a memo size limit of 250 bytes, any inbound tx sent with a larger memo will be ignored. Additionally, memos on UTXO chains are further constrained by the OP_RETURN size limit, which is 80 bytes. 
Format
All memos follow the format: FUNCTION:PARAM1:PARAM2:PARAM3:PARAM4
The function is invoked by a string, which in turn calls a particular handler in the state machine. The state machine parses the memo looking for the parameters which it simply decodes from human-readable strings. 
In addition, some parameters are optional. Simply leave them blank, but retain the : separator:
FUNCTION:PARAM1:::PARAM4
Permitted Functions
The following functions can be put into a memo:
1.​SWAP​
2.​DEPOSIT Savers​
3.​WITHDRAW Savers​
4.​OPEN Loan​
5.​REPAY Loan​
6.​ADD Liquidity​
7.​WITHDRAW Liquidity​
8.​BOND, UNBOND & LEAVE​
9.​DONATE & RESERVE​
10.MIGRATE
11.​NOOP​
Swap
Perform a swap.
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR:LIM/INTERVAL/QUANTITY:AFFILIATE:FEE
Parameter
Notes
Conditions
Payload
Send the asset to swap. 
Must be an active pool on THORChain.
SWAP
The swap handler.
​Also s, =
:ASSET
The asset identifier.​
Can be shortened.
:DESTADDR
The destination address to send to. 
Can use THORName.
:LIM 
The trade limit ie, set 100000000 to get a minimum of 1 full asset, else a refund.
Optional, 1e8 or Scientific Notation.
/INTERVAL
Swap interval in blocks.
Optional, 1 means do not stream.
/QUANTITY
Swap Quantity. Swap interval times every Interval blocks.
Optional, if 0, network will determine the number of swaps.
:AFFILIATE
The affiliate address. RUNE is sent to Affiliate. 
Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
:FEE
The affiliate fee. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points. 
Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.
Syntactic Examples:
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR simple swap
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR:LIM swap with trade limit
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR:LIM/1/1 swap with limit, do not stream swap
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR:LIM/3/0 swap with limit, optimise swap amount, every 3 blocks
SWAP:ASSET:DESTADDR:LIM/1/0:AFFILIATE:FEE swap with limit, optimised and affiliate fee
Actual Examples:
SWAP:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0 - swap to Ether, send output to the specified address.
SWAP:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0:10000000, same as above except the Ether output should be more than 0.1 Ether else refund. 
SWAP:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0:10000000/1/1, same as above except explicitly stated, do not stream the swap. 
SWAP:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0:10000000/3/0, same as above except told to allow streaming swap, mini swap every 3 blocks and THORChain to work out the number of swaps required to achieve optimal price efficiency. 
SWAP:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0:10000000/3/0:t:10- same as above except will send 10 basis points from the input and send it to t (THORSwap's THORName).
The above memo can be further reduced to:
=:ETH.ETH:0xe6a30f4f3bad978910e2cbb4d97581f5b5a0ade0:1e6/3/0:t:10
Other examples:
=:r:thor1el4ufmhll3yw7zxzszvfakrk66j7fx0tvcslym:19779138111 - swap to at least 197.79 RUNE
=:BNB/BUSD-BD1:thor15s4apx9ap7lazpsct42nmvf0t6am4r3w0r64f2:628197586176 - Swap to at least 6281.9 Synthetic BUSD. 
=:BNB.BNB:bnb108n64knfm38f0mm23nkreqqmpc7rpcw89sqqw5:544e6/2/6 - swap to at least 5.4 BNB, using streaming swaps, six swaps, every two blocks.
Deposit Savers
ADD:POOL::AFFILIATE:FEE
Depositing savers can work without a memo; however, memos are recommended to be explicit about the transaction intent.
Parameter
Notes
Conditions
Payload
The asset to add liquidity with. 
Must be supported by THORChain.
ADD
The Deposit handler.
Also a +
:POOL
The pool to add liquidity to.
Gas and stablecoin pools only.
:
Must be empty
Optional, Required if adding affiliate and fee
:AFFILIATE
The affiliate address. RUNE is sent to Affiliate. 
Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
:FEE
The affiliate fee. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points. 
Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.
Examples
+:BTC/BTC add to the BTC Savings Vault
a:ETH/ETH add to the ETH Savings Vault
+:BTC/BTC::t:10 Deposit with a 10 basis points affiliate
Withdraw Savers
WITHDRAW:POOL
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
Send the dust threshold of the asset to cause the transaction to be picked up by THORChain.
Caution Dust Limits: BTC,BCH,LTC chains 10k sats; DOGE 1m Sats; ETH 0 wei; THOR 0 RUNE. 
WITHDRAW
The withdraw handler.
Also - wd
:POOL
The pool to withdraw liquidity from.
Gas and stablecoin pools only. 
:BASISPOINTS
Basis points (0-10000, where 10000=100%).
Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.
Examples
-:BTC/BTC:10000 Withdraw 100% from BTC Savers
w:ETH/ETH:5000 Withdraw 50% from ETH Savers
Open Loan
LOAN+:ASSET:DESTADDR:MINOUT:AFFILIATE:FEE
Parameter
Notes
Conditions
Payload
The collateral to open the loan with.
Must be L1 supported by THORChain.
LOAN+
The Loan Open handler.
also $+
:ASSET
Target debt asset identifier.​
Can be shortened.
:DESTADDR
The destination address to send the debt to. 
Can use THORName.
:MINOUT
Similar to LIM, Min debt amount, else a refund.
Optional, 1e8 format.
:AFFILIATE
The affiliate address. The affiliate is added in to the pool as an LP. 
Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
:FEE
The affiliate fee. Fee is allocated to the affiliate. 
Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.
Affiliate and Affiliate Fee yet to be implemented
Examples:
$+:BNB.BUSD:bnb177kuwn6n9fv83txq04y2tkcsp97s4yclz9k7dh - Open a loan with BUSD as the debt asset
$+:ETH.USDC-0XA0B86991C6218B36C1D19D4A2E9EB0CE3606EB48:0x1c7b17362c84287bd1184447e6dfeaf920c31bbe:10400000000 Open a loan where the debt is at least 104 USDT. 
Repay Loan
LOAN-:ASSET:DESTADDR:MINOUT
Parameter
Notes
Conditions
Payload
The repayment for the loan.
Must be L1 supported on THORChain.
LOAN-
The Loan Repayment handler.
also $-
:ASSET
Target calloteral asset identifier.​
Can be shortened.
:DESTADDR
The destination address to send the collateral to. 
Can use THORName.
:MINOUT
Similar to LIM, Min collateral to receive else a refund.
Optional, 1e8 format, loan needs to be fully repaid to close. 
Examples
LOAN-:BTC.BTC:bc1qp2t4hl4jr6wjfzv28tsdyjysw7p5armf7px55w Repay BTC loan owned by owner bc1qp2t4hl4jr6wjfzv28tsdyjysw7p5armf7px55w.
LOAN-:ETH.ETH:0xe9973cb51ee04446a54ffca73446d33f133d2f49:404204059. Repay ETH loan owned by 0xe9973cb51ee04446a54ffca73446d33f133d2f49 and receive at least 4.04 ETH collateral back, else send back a refund.
Add Liquidity
There are rules for adding liquidity, see the rules here.
ADD:POOL:PAIREDADDR:AFFILIATE:FEE
Parameter
Notes
Conditions
Payload
The asset to add liquidity with. 
Must be supported by THORChain.
ADD
The Add Liquidity handler.
also a +
:POOL
The pool to add liquidity to.
Can be shortened.
:PAIREDADDR
The other address to link with. If on external chain, link to THOR address. If on THORChain, link to external address. If a paired address is found, the LP is matched and added. If none is found, the liquidity is put into pending. 
Optional. If not specified, a single-sided add-liquidity action is created. 
:AFFILIATE
The affiliate address. The affiliate is added in to the pool as an LP. 
Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
:FEE
The affiliate fee. Fee is allocated to the affiliate. 
Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.
Examples:
ADD:POOL single-sided add liquidity.  If this is a position's first add, liquidity can only be withdrawn to the same address.
+:POOL:PAIREDADDR add on both sides. 
+:POOL:PAIREDADDR:AFFILIATE:FEE add with affiliate
+:BTC.BTC:
Withdraw Liquidity
Withdraw liquidity from a pool.
A withdrawal can be either dual-sided (withdrawn based on pool's price) or entirely single-sided (converted to one side and sent out).
WD:POOL:BASISPOINTS:ASSET
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
Send the dust threshold of the asset to cause the transaction to be picked up by THORChain. 
Caution Dust Limits: BTC,BCH,LTC chains 10k sats; DOGE 1m Sats; ETH 0 wei; THOR 0 RUNE. 
WITHDRAW
The withdraw handler.
Also - wd
:POOL
The pool to withdraw liquidity from.
Can be shortened.
:BASISPOINTS
Basis points (0-10000, where 10000=100%).
​
:ASSET
Single-sided withdraw to one side.
Optional. Can be shortened. Must be either RUNE or the ASSET.
Examples:
WITHDRAW:POOL:10000 dual-sided 100% withdraw liquidity.  If a single-address position, this withdraws single-sidedly instead.
-:POOL:1000 dual-sided 10% withdraw liquidity. 
wd:POOL:5000:ASSET withdraw 50% liquidity as the asset specified while the rest stays in the pool, eg:
wd:BTC.BTC:5000:BTC.BTC
DONATE & RESERVE
Donate to a pool or the RESERVE.
DONATE:POOL
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
The asset to donate to a THORChain pool.
Must be supported by THORChain. Can be RUNE or ASSET.
DONATE
The donate handler.
Also %
:POOL
The pool to withdraw liquidity from.
Can be shortened.
Example: DONATE:ETH.ETH - Donate to the ETH pool.
RESERVE
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
THOR.RUNE.
The RUNE to credit to the RESERVE.
RESERVE
The reserve handler.
​
BOND, UNBOND & LEAVE
Perform node maintenance features. Also see Pooled Nodes.
BOND:NODEADDR:PROVIDER:FEE
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
The asset to bond to a  Node.
Must be RUNE.
BOND
The bond handler.
Anytime. 
:NODEADDR
The node to bond with.
​
:PROVIDER
Whitelist in a provider.
Optional, add a provider
:FEE
Specify an Operator Fee in Basis Points.
Optional, default will be the mimir value (2000 Basis Points). Can be changed anytime. 
UNBOND:NODEADDR:AMOUNT
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
None required.
Use MsgDeposit.
UNBOND
The unbond handler.
​
:NODEADDR
The node to unbond from.
Must be in standby only.
:AMOUNT
The amount to unbond.
In 1e8 format. If setting more than actual bond, then capped at bond. 
:PROVIDER
Unwhitelist a provider.
Optional, remove a provider
LEAVE:NODEADDR
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
None required.
Use MsgDeposit
LEAVE
The leave handler.
​
:NODEADDR
The node to force to leave.
If in Active, request a churn out to Standby for 1 churn cycle. If in Standby, forces a permanent leave. 
Examples: 
BOND:thor19m4kqulyqvya339jfja84h6qp8tkjgxuxa4n4a
UNBOND:thor1x2whgc2nt665y0kc44uywhynazvp0l8tp0vtu6:750000000000
LEAVE:thor1hlhdm0ngr2j4lt8tt8wuvqxz6aus58j57nxnps
MIRGRATE
Internal memo type used to mark migration transactions between a retiring vault and a new Asgard vault during churn. Special THORChain triggered outbound tx without a related inbound tx. 
:MIGRATE
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
Assets migrating
​
MIGRATE
The migrate Handler
​
:BlockHeight
THORChain Blockhight to migrate
Must be a valid blockheight
​Example: MIGRATE:3494355
NOOP
Dev-centric functions to fix THORChain state. Caution: may cause loss of funds if not done exactly right at the right time. 
NOOP
Parameter
Notes
Extra
Payload
The asset to credit to a vault.
Must be ASSET or RUNE.
NOOP
The noop handler.
Adds to the vault balance, but does not add to the pool.
:NOVAULT
Do not credit the vault.
Optional. Just fix the insolvency issue.
Refunds
The following are the conditions for refunds:
Condition
Notes
Invalid MEMO
If the MEMO is incorrect the user will be refunded.
Invalid Assets
If the asset for the transaction is incorrect (adding an asset into a wrong pool) the user will be refunded.
Invalid Transaction Type
If the user is performing a multi-send vs a send for a particular transaction, they are refunded.
Exceeding Price Limit
If the final value achieved in a trade differs to expected, they are refunded.
Refunds cost fees to prevent Denial of Service attacks. The user will pay the correct outbound fee for that chain.
Other Internal Memos
donate - add funds to a pool (example:DONATE:ETH.ETH)
consolidate - consolidate UTXO transactions
ragnarok - only used to delist pools.
yggdrasilfund and yggdrasilreturn - no longer used as yggdrasil vaults are not longer used (ADR 002)
switch - no longer used as killswich has ended
reserve - no longer used.

Parameter	Notes	Conditions
Payload	Send the asset to swap.	Must be an active pool on THORChain.
`SWAP`	The swap handler.	Also `s`, `=`
`:ASSET`	The asset identifier.	Can be shortened.
`:DESTADDR`	The destination address to send to.	Can use THORName.
`:LIM`	The trade limit ie, set 100000000 to get a minimum of 1 full asset, else a refund.	Optional, 1e8 or Scientific Notation.
`/INTERVAL`	Swap interval in blocks.	Optional, 1 means do not stream.
`/QUANTITY`	Swap Quantity. Swap interval times every Interval blocks.	Optional, if 0, network will determine the number of swaps.
`:AFFILIATE`	The affiliate address. RUNE is sent to Affiliate.	Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
`:FEE`	The affiliate fee. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.	Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.

Parameter	Notes	Conditions
Payload	The asset to add liquidity with.	Must be supported by THORChain.
`ADD`	The Deposit handler.	Also `a` `+`
`:POOL`	The pool to add liquidity to.	Gas and stablecoin pools only.
`:`	Must be empty	Optional, Required if adding affiliate and fee
`:AFFILIATE`	The affiliate address. RUNE is sent to Affiliate.	Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
`:FEE`	The affiliate fee. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.	Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	Send the dust threshold of the asset to cause the transaction to be picked up by THORChain.	Caution Dust Limits: BTC,BCH,LTC chains 10k sats; DOGE 1m Sats; ETH 0 wei; THOR 0 RUNE.
`WITHDRAW`	The withdraw handler.	Also `-` `wd`
`:POOL`	The pool to withdraw liquidity from.	Gas and stablecoin pools only.
`:BASISPOINTS`	Basis points (0-10000, where 10000=100%).	Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.

Parameter	Notes	Conditions
Payload	The collateral to open the loan with.	Must be L1 supported by THORChain.
`LOAN+`	The Loan Open handler.	also `$+`
`:ASSET`	Target debt asset identifier.	Can be shortened.
`:DESTADDR`	The destination address to send the debt to.	Can use THORName.
`:MINOUT`	Similar to LIM, Min debt amount, else a refund.	Optional, 1e8 format.
`:AFFILIATE`	The affiliate address. The affiliate is added in to the pool as an LP.	Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
`:FEE`	The affiliate fee. Fee is allocated to the affiliate.	Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.

Parameter	Notes	Conditions
Payload	The repayment for the loan.	Must be L1 supported on THORChain.
`LOAN-`	The Loan Repayment handler.	also `$-`
`:ASSET`	Target calloteral asset identifier.	Can be shortened.
`:DESTADDR`	The destination address to send the collateral to.	Can use THORName.
`:MINOUT`	Similar to LIM, Min collateral to receive else a refund.	Optional, 1e8 format, loan needs to be fully repaid to close.

Parameter	Notes	Conditions
Payload	The asset to add liquidity with.	Must be supported by THORChain.
`ADD`	The Add Liquidity handler.	also `a` `+`
`:POOL`	The pool to add liquidity to.	Can be shortened.
`:PAIREDADDR`	The other address to link with. If on external chain, link to THOR address. If on THORChain, link to external address. If a paired address is found, the LP is matched and added. If none is found, the liquidity is put into pending.	Optional. If not specified, a single-sided add-liquidity action is created.
`:AFFILIATE`	The affiliate address. The affiliate is added in to the pool as an LP.	Optional. Must be THORName or THOR Address.
`:FEE`	The affiliate fee. Fee is allocated to the affiliate.	Optional. Limited from 0 to 1000 Basis Points.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	Send the dust threshold of the asset to cause the transaction to be picked up by THORChain.	Caution Dust Limits: BTC,BCH,LTC chains 10k sats; DOGE 1m Sats; ETH 0 wei; THOR 0 RUNE.
`WITHDRAW`	The withdraw handler.	Also `-` `wd`
`:POOL`	The pool to withdraw liquidity from.	Can be shortened.
`:BASISPOINTS`	Basis points (0-10000, where 10000=100%).
`:ASSET`	Single-sided withdraw to one side.	Optional. Can be shortened. Must be either RUNE or the ASSET.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	The asset to donate to a THORChain pool.	Must be supported by THORChain. Can be RUNE or ASSET.
`DONATE`	The donate handler.	Also `%`
`:POOL`	The pool to withdraw liquidity from.	Can be shortened.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	THOR.RUNE.	The RUNE to credit to the RESERVE.
`RESERVE`	The reserve handler.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	The asset to bond to a Node.	Must be RUNE.
`BOND`	The bond handler.	Anytime.
`:NODEADDR`	The node to bond with.
`:PROVIDER`	Whitelist in a provider.	Optional, add a provider
`:FEE`	Specify an Operator Fee in Basis Points.	Optional, default will be the mimir value (2000 Basis Points). Can be changed anytime.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	None required.	Use `MsgDeposit`.
`UNBOND`	The unbond handler.
`:NODEADDR`	The node to unbond from.	Must be in standby only.
`:AMOUNT`	The amount to unbond.	In 1e8 format. If setting more than actual bond, then capped at bond.
`:PROVIDER`	Unwhitelist a provider.	Optional, remove a provider

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	None required.	Use `MsgDeposit`
`LEAVE`	The leave handler.
`:NODEADDR`	The node to force to leave.	If in Active, request a churn out to Standby for 1 churn cycle. If in Standby, forces a permanent leave.

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	Assets migrating
`MIGRATE`	The migrate Handler
`:BlockHeight`	THORChain Blockhight to migrate	Must be a valid blockheight

Parameter	Notes	Extra
Payload	The asset to credit to a vault.	Must be ASSET or RUNE.
`NOOP`	The noop handler.	Adds to the vault balance, but does not add to the pool.
`:NOVAULT`	Do not credit the vault.	Optional. Just fix the insolvency issue.

Condition	Notes
Invalid `MEMO`	If the `MEMO` is incorrect the user will be refunded.
Invalid Assets	If the asset for the transaction is incorrect (adding an asset into a wrong pool) the user will be refunded.
Invalid Transaction Type	If the user is performing a multi-send vs a send for a particular transaction, they are refunded.
Exceeding Price Limit	If the final value achieved in a trade differs to expected, they are refunded.

Last modified 15d ago